PowerShell@HungYuWu

執行指令
PS C:\> $a=(Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem).LastBootUpTime
PS C:\> $b = New-TimeSpan $(Get-Date –month $a.substring(4,2) -day $a.substring(6,2) -year $a.substring(0,4) -hour $a.substring(8,2) -minute $a.substring(10,2) ) $(Get-Date)
PS C:\> $b

指令如下
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_USBHub | where {$_.description -like
"*Mass Storage*"} | format-table DeviceID, Description

目前以PowerShell為tag的中文文章
幾乎都是我的文章^^""

• get-childitem -Recurse -force -filter *.txt  <==>  dir /s *.txt 
  • -Recurse 遞迴
  • -force     列出隱藏檔
• get-content a.txt  <==>  type a.txt
• remove-item -Recurse *.txt  <==>  del /s *.txt
• Write-Output "a is $a"  <==>  echo a is %a%

資料參考:Windows PowerShell In Action By Bruce Payette

資料夾有一堆檔案感覺很亂.....

若想要依據檔案的最後修改日期分類,例如依據年月
我們可使用以下的Script

• DesktopEngineer.com提供三天的課程(1495美元)
• Day 1 - Getting to Know PowerShell
• What is PowerShell?
• What are the Key New Items for Administrators?
• Why You Should Care About the Key Differences
• In what contexts can it run?
• What new things are now in reach that may not have been before?
• Smallest "Hello World" script in the world
• Language Constructs and Symantecs (If, For)
• What is pipelining, Object orientation, interactive environment
• Text Editor comparison
• Special Tools (psanalyzer)
• Sample code, sample code, sample code
• Input & Output
• How to research building a script
• Day 2 - Getting At The System
• PowerShell Direct Access
• Registry and Filesystem
• WMI
• ADSI
• .NET (a little bit)
• Interfacing with CMD.EXE and Other EXEs
• PowerShell Shortcomings and Compensations
• Day 3 - Porting Scripts And Best Practice
• VBScript and NT Shell Scripts (.BAT/.CMD)
• COM Object Access
• Favoring Native PowerShell Functions
• Porting String Functions
• Replicating VBScript String Functions
• Regular Expressions Primer
• Simple Scripts versus Production Ready versus Scripting Framework
• Framework Script (process arguments, tracing and logging, error processing)
• 位於德國的AddOn提供三天的課程(1725歐元 )[以下內容是從德文翻譯成英文]
• Power shell introduction
  • Term "Monad"
  • Characteristics of the power shell
  • Conditions
  • From HelloWorld to GUI
• Power shell bases
  • Instruction types
  • Search sequence
  • CmdLets
  • Aliase
  • Classes and objects
  • Pipeline Processor
  • Important Cmdlets
• Power shell LANGUAGE
  • Variable one
  • Operators
  • Array
  • Hash Tables
  • Inquiries
  • Loops
  • Functions
  • Filter
  • Error handling
  • Debugging
• Scriptdateien
  • Files create
  • Comments
  • Call
  • Safety configuration
  • Profiles

#使用get-content path顯示檔案內容
PS C:\> get-content c:\a.txt

#使用${path} 顯示檔案內容
PS C:\> ${C:\a.txt}

#產生內容為PowerShell的char陣列
PS C:\> [char[]]$Array = "P","o","w","e","r","S","h","e","l","l"

#預設將陣列轉為字串時是以空白隔開

• 輸入:  "2+2 is (2+2)"
  結果:   2+2 is (2+2)
• 一般字串
• 輸入:  "2+2 is $(2+2)"
  結果:   2+2 is 4
• 雙引號中會將$開頭的作解析,括號內解析為4
• 輸入:  "2+2 is $2+2"
  結果:   2+2 is +2
• 雙引號中會將$開頭的作解析,$2無此變數因此不顯示,+2視為一般字串;若是事先定義$2="a",則結果為2+2 is a+2
• 輸入:  '2+2 is (2+2)'
  結果:   2+2 is (2+2)
• 單引號所見及所得
• 輸入:  '2+2 is $(2+2)'
  

在PowerShell中可以使用上下鍵瀏覽先前執行過的指令
以利重複執行相同或類似的指令

除此之外也可按下F7功能鍵瀏覽先前執行過的指令

畫面跳出一小方塊

• 下載.NET Framework Version 2.0
  Microsoft .NET Framework Version 2.0 Redistributable Package (x86)
  http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=0856eacb-4362-4b0d-8edd-aab15c5e04f5&DisplayLang=en
• 安裝.NET Framework Version 2.0
• 下載適合自己作業系統的Windows PowerShell 1.0
  http://www.microsoft.com/technet/scriptcenter/topics/msh/download.mspx
• 安裝Windows PowerShell 1.0
  

• 得知A的ASCII code
• [byte][char]"A"
• 65
• 得知ASCII code為65是什麼
• [char]65
• A

欲得知指令的執行時間可使用measure-command

PS C:\Joseph> measure-command{for($i=0;$i -lt 1000000;$i++){$i} }

Days : 0
Hours : 0
Minutes : 0

• 欲獲得17的二進位字串
• PS C:\Joseph> [Convert]::ToString(17,2)
• 10001
• 欲獲得17的八進位字串
• PS C:\Joseph> [Convert]::ToString(17,8)
• 21
• 欲獲得17的十六進位字串
• 方法一
• PS C:\Joseph> [Convert]::ToString(17,16)
• 11
• 方法二
• PS C:\Joseph> "{0:X}" -f 17
• 11

重點整理自Let's do a deep drill into Select-String by Jeffrey Snover , Windows PowerShell/MMC Architect

• $c="a"
  get-alias ($c+"*")   #參數有變數 則用()包住  ; 等於get-alias a*
• Select-String accepts arrays of wildcards to specify Files
• select-string  欲搜尋字串  欲搜尋之檔案路徑(可為wildcard)
• select-string  drive *  #搜尋目前路徑下所有檔案中包含*drive*的字串(預設視為前後加*)
• 被搜尋到的對象不能為資料夾???
• select-string  drive  [a-m]* #搜尋名為a-m開頭的檔案
• select-string  drive  drive g*,r* #搜尋名為g,r開頭的檔案
• Select-String accepts arrays of regular expressions to specify STRINGS
• 欲搜尋字串可為regular expression
• " [a-r]dr" *
• " [a-r]dr|mount"
• " [a-n]dr"," [m-z]dr"
• 若不想讓搜尋字串被視為regular expression 則要指定 -SimpleMatch
• Select-String accepts –Include and –Exclude to tweak which files it operates on
• 欲搜尋檔案可利用–Include 包含某檔案
• 欲搜尋檔案可利用–Exclude 排除某檔案
• These parameters take a wildcard expression or set of wildcard expressions and operate AFTER the filepath is resolved
• -exclude *[mn]-al*   #完整檔案路徑中(不只是檔名)不包含*[mn]-al*
• -exclude [mn]-al*    #完整檔案路徑中不包含[mn]-al*
• You can pipe anything that produces FileInfo objects into Select-String
• 欲搜尋之檔案可由pipeline餵近來
• dir [g-r]* |select-string  drive 
• ([System.IO.DirectoryInfo]"c:\sstest").GetFileSystemInfos() |  select-string  drive
• You can pipe anything that produces MatchInfo objects into Select-String
• select-string get *|select-string item
• Select-String outputs MatchInfo objects not Strings
• Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.MatchInfo
• select-string  "stop","new.*ve" *|Format-List *
• select-string  "stop","new.*ve" *|group Pattern
• Sometimes you just want the first match in a file
• select-string item r* -list
  

http://manning.com/payette/

http://blogs.technet.com/canitpro/archive/2006/11/20/podcast-powershell-with-bruce-payette.aspx

(1)
可以使用get-date指令取得現在時間

執行
PS C:\Joseph> (get-date).ToString("HH:mm:ss")

(1)

執行

PS C:\Joseph> if((ping 140.112.107.132 | Where-Object {$_ -like "*(0% loss)*"}) -eq $null){"The computer is dead"}else{"The computer is alive"}

若想要開啟某檔案
可執行
Invoke-Item 完整檔案路徑

系統將使用預設關聯的應用程式開啟該檔案